CBSE Class: 6 NCERT Science Chapter: 2 notes / extra questions / inside questions | COMPONENTS OF FOODS
1. WHAT IS NUTRIENT?
ANSWER:
Those important components in ingredients in our food that are needed by our body. Those components are called nutrients.
2. WHAT ARE THE MAJOR AND IMPORTANT NUTRIENTS IN OUR FOOD? NAME THEM.
ANSWER:
The major and important nutrients in our food are
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats
- Vitamins
- Minerals
- Dietary fibers
- Water
3. DO ALL FOODS CONTAIN ALL THOSE NUTRIENTS?
ANSWER:
Food does contain the required nutrients but it depends generally on the variety or type of food or its ingredients.
4. DOES COOKED FOOD CONTAINS MORE PRESENCE OF NUTRIENTS THAN THAT OF RAW INGREDIENTS?
ANSWER:
No, cooked food does not contain more presence of nutrients than that of raw ingredients because cooking often results in the loss of certain nutrients, vitamins, and minerals.
5. WHICH TYPE OF CARBOHYDRATES IS FOUND IN OUR BODY?
ANSWER:
The main carbohydrates found in our body are in the forms of starches and sugar.
6. STATE A TEST FOR PRESENCE OF STARCH.
ANSWER:
A test for presence of starch
- Take a small quantity of food item/raw ingredient.
- Put 2-3 drop of dilute iodine solution on it.
- Observe if the color of the food item changed
- If it turns blue-black, then it indicates the presence of starch in the said food.
7. STATE A TEST FOR PRESENCE OF PROTEIN.
ANSWER:
A test for presence of protein
- Take a small amount of food item
- If it is a solid, then make a paste or powder of it.
- To do so, grind or mash a small quantity of the food item
- Put some of them in a clean test tube
- Add 10 drops of water to it
- Then shake the test tube
- Now, using a dropper, add 2 drop of solution of copper sulphate
- And then add 10 drops of caustic soda to the test tube
- Shake the test tube and let it settle for a few minutes
- Observe if the contents turn violet
- The violet color appearing is indicating the presence of protein in the food item.
8. STATE A TEST FOR PRESENCE OF FATS.
ANSWER:
A test for presence of fats
- Take a small amount of food item
- Wrap the said item in a piece of paper and crush it
- Take care of that the paper doesn’t tear
- Then, straighten the said paper and observe it carefully now
- Observe if there’s an oily patch
- Hold the paper against light and check whether the light is faintly visible through this patch
- An oily patch showing on paper indicates that the food contains fats
- Also, the food also may contain water sometimes
- For that case, after rubbing the item on the paper, let the paper dry for a while
- If there were any water that may have come from food, it would dry up in the mean time
- If after so, no oily patch shows up, then the food item does not contain any fat.
9. Does a food contain more than one nutrient?
ANSWER:
Yes, a food can contain more than one nutrient.
As, it mostly depends on the type of food.
10. Why do we need all these nutrients?
ANSWER:
We need all these nutrients to provide necessary components to our body which are important and needed by our body.
11. What do various nutrients do to our body?
ANSWER:
Such various nutrients provides
- Energy
- growth to our body
- repairs damage parts of the body
- helps in protecting our body from diseases and good health
12. Which nutrient(s) provides energy to our body?
ANSWER:
Carbohydrate and fats are the nutrients that provide energy to our body.
13. What are ‘energy giving foods’?
ANSWER:
Those foods which contain fats and carbohydrates are known as ‘energy giving foods’.
14. Why do we need carbohydrates and fats in our body?
ANSWER:
We need carbohydrates and fats in our food because they provide energy to our body.
15. Why do we need proteins in our body?
ANSWER:
We need proteins in our body, because it provides help in our body’s growth and repair.
16. What are ‘body building foods’?
ANSWER:
Foods which are containing proteins are known as ‘body building foods’.
17. Why does our body needs vitamins?
ANSWER:
Our body needs vitamins because it helps in protecting our body against diseases.
And they do help in keeping our eyes, bones, teeth and gums.
18. What are the different kinds of Vitamins?
ANSWER:
The different kinds of Vitamins are
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin B complex
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin D
- Vitamin E
- Vitamin K
19. Write the function of different kinds of Vitamins.
ANSWER:
Functions of different kinds of Vitamins are,
- Vitamin A – keep our skin & eyes healthy
- Vitamin C – helping the body to fight against diseases
- Vitamin D – helps the body to use calcium for bones and teeth.
20. List the names of food that are rich in carbohydrates.
ANSWER:
List of the names of food that are rich in carbohydrates are,
- Bajra
- rice
- wheat
- sweet potato
- potato
- sugarcane
- papaya
- melon
- mango
- maize
21. List the names of foods which are rich in fats.
ANSWER:
List of the names of foods which are rich in fats are,
- Plant sources
- groundnuts
- nuts
- til
- sunflower oil
- mustard oil
- coconut oil
- soybean oil
- Animal sources
- meat
- ghee
- milk
- Butter
- Cream
- egg
- fish
22. List the names of food that are rich in proteins.
ANSWER:
List of the names of food that are rich in proteins are,
- Plant sources
- peas
- gram
- moong
- tuar dal
- beans
- soybean
- Animal sources
- paneer
- fish
- meat
- milk
- eggs
23. List the names of food that are rich in Vitamin A.
ANSWER:
List of the names of food that are rich in Vitamin A are,
- milk
- fish
- oil
- carrot
- papaya
24. List the names of food that are rich in Vitamin B.
ANSWER:
List of the names of food that are rich in Vitamin B are,
- liver
- moong
- rice
25. List the names of food that are rich in Vitamin C.
ANSWER:
List of the names of food that are rich in Vitamin C are,
- Tomato
- orange
- guava
- lemon
- amla
- chili
26. List the names of food that are rich in Vitamin D.
ANSWER:
List of the names of food that are rich in Vitamin D are,
- meat
- milk
- Butter
- egg
- fish
27. Why does our body need minerals?
ANSWER:
Minerals are needed for proper growth of our body, and to maintain a healthy body.
28. Name some important minerals which are needed by our body.
ANSWER:
Some of the important minerals needed by the body are
- Iodine
- Phosphorus
- Iron
- Calcium
29. List the names of food that are rich in different minerals.
ANSWER:
List the names of food that are rich in different minerals are,
- Iodine
- salt
- fish
- prawn
- lobster
- leafy vegetables
- ginger
- Phosphorus
- milk
- banana
- chili
- moong
- rice
- Iron
- leafy vegetables
- meat
- apple
- Calcium
- milk
- egg
30. Which food has more carbohydrates than any other nutrient in it?
ANSWER:
Food has more carbohydrates than any other nutrient in its rice.
31. Which food is also known to be a carbohydrates rich source of food?
ANSWER:
Rice is known as a carbohydrates rich source of food.
32. What are dietary fibers?
ANSWER:
Dietary fibers are also known as roughage.
Are usually provided by plant products in our foods.
Whole grain, pulses, potato, fresh fruits and vegetable are their main sources of roughage.
It doesn’t provide any nutrient to the body, but it’s an essential component in our food and adds bulk in it.
33. What is the function of dietary fibers?
ANSWER:
Function of dietary fibers is to help our body in getting rid of undigested food.
34. By what, are dietary fibers provided in our food?
ANSWER:
Dietary fibers are provided in our food by plant products.
35. What are the functions of water in our body?
ANSWER:
Functions of water in our body are,
- helps the body too absurd nutrients
- helps in throwing out wastes from our body by urine and sweat
36. From where do we get water?
ANSWER:
Usually we get most of the water that is needed by our body, from liquids we drink such as
- water
- milk
- tea
- cooked food
37. What is a balanced diet?
ANSWER:
For growth and maintenance of the body, a diet containing a good amount of nutrients, roughage and water is needed. Such diet is called as a balanced diet.
38. Do people of all the ages need the same kind of diet?
ANSWER:
No, people of all ages don’t need the same kind of diet. As it may vary person to person from their health and body.
39. What we need for a balanced diet would depend on the amount of physical work that we do?
ANSWER:
Yes, it would most probably depend on the amount of physical work we do as it may vary individually.
40. What is there food that provides many nutrients and is not expensive also?
ANSWER:
Food that provides many nutrients and not expensive also are,
- pulses
- groundnut
- banana
- spinach
- jaggery
- soybean
- sprouted seeds (moong and Bengal gram)
- sattu
- fermented food ( like South Indian food such as idli)
- combinations of flours (such as like missi roti, thepla made from cereals and pulses)
- available vegetables
- other such foods
41. Should food be cooked properly?
ANSWER:
Yes, food should be cooked properly, so that necessary and important nutrients are not lost.
42. Why should food be cooked properly?
ANSWER:
Food should be cooked properly so that nutrients are not lost.
43. Why should we wash vegetables and fruits before cutting them?
ANSWER:
We should wash vegetables and fruits before cutting them because
- If water after, then could result in the loss of some vitamins.
- As skins of many vegetables and fruits contain minerals.
- For example, repeated washing of rice and pulses could remove certain vitamins and minerals in them.
44. How is cooking food beneficial for us?
ANSWER:
Benefits of cooking food are
- It improves the taste of food
- Makes the food easier to digest
45. Which nutrients get destroyed by cooking?
ANSWER:
Nutrients that gets destroyed by cooking are
- proteins
- considerable amount of minerals
- Vitamin C
46. What do you mean by obesity?
ANSWER:
Eating too much food rich in fats can cause a person to suffer from a certain condition which is known as obesity.
47. What is deficiency?
ANSWER:
When an individual is getting enough food but not a sufficient amount of a particular nutrient, then the person is said to be suffering from its deficiency.
48. What do you mean by deficiency diseases?
ANSWER:
Deficiency of one or more nutrient can cause some particular diseases or disorders due to it in our body.
Diseases and disorders occurring due to lack of nutrients over a long period of time are called deficiency of diseases.
49. Give some examples of diseases or disorders caused by deficiency of certain nutrients.
ANSWER:
Some examples of disorders or disorders caused by deficiency of diseases are
- DEFICIENCY OF PROTEIN
- If a person does not get enough protein for a long time, then deficiency of protein is said to cause.
- the said person is likely to suffer from
- stunted growth
- swelling of face
- discoloration of hair
- skin diseases
- diarrhea
- DEFICIENCY OF CARBOHYDRATES AND PROTEINS
- If a person does not get enough both carbohydrates and proteins for a long time, then deficiency of it is said to.
- the said person is likely to suffer from
- lean and thin body
- their growth would stop
- Very weak, might not be able to even move.
50. How can we prevent all these deficiency of diseases?
ANSWER:
All these deficiency of diseases can be prevented by taking a balanced diet
51. List some diseases or disorders caused by deficiency of Vitamins and minerals and also their symptoms.
ANSWER:
List of some diseases or disorders caused by deficiency of Vitamins and minerals and their symptoms are
| Vitamins/Minerals | Deficiency Diseases/Disorders | Symptoms |
| Vitamin A | Loss of vision | poor vision loss of vision in darkness (night) sometimes complete loss of vision |
| Vitamin B1 | Beriberi | weak musclesvery little energy to work |
| Vitamin C | Scurvy | bleeding gumswounds take longer to heal |
| Vitamin D | Rickets | bones become soft and bent |
| Iodine | Goiter | glands in the neck appears swollen mental disability in children |
| Iron | Anemia | weakness |
52. Why does food vary in different regions and have a common distribution?
ANSWER:
Foods varying in different regions have a common distribution, in order to ensure our meals have a balance of different nutrients needed by our body.
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